[Solved] anatomy Hands On Lab: Joints and Muscles

Assignment Prompt & Instructions

– ## lab6jointsandmuscles.docx **## lab6jointsandmuscles.docx** **Hands On Lab: Joints and Muscles (7 Activities)** **Submission instructions** · Type your answers and copy all pictures directly into this Word document. Submit it via the blackboard submission link in Word format (docx). **Introduction:** In this lab, we will be focusing on learning how to ID the skeletal muscles that we will learn the physiology of in the lecture portion of the class. When you are going through these activities, think about your muscles! How does your arm move? What muscles are doing the most work when going up a flight of stairs, smiling, or turning your head to one side? Also consider where they are attached. Its an engineering marvel! Where muscles attach allow for that movement. Remember, the human body has hundreds of muscles, but for this lab you are responsible for learning the ones listed on the **Module 3 Lab Study Objectives.** We also will be looking at joints and their role in movement. Joints are also known as articulations: where bones come together. We will look at 3 categories of joints (classified structurally), cartilaginous, fibrous, and synovial. We’ll then look at some movements. Again, use your own body as a tool when learning these joints. For example, look at your hand. Does the tip of your pointer finger have the same range of motion as the base of that same finger? Now bend your arm at the elbow. Pay attention to the ways that you can move your arm specifically at that elbow joint. **Watch These:** This [Crash Course video on joints](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DLxYDoN634c&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtOAKed_MxxWBNaPno5h3Zs8&index=21) (opens in new window: 9min:22sec) goes into a good bit of detail and will supplement lab and lecture material for joints. Another video to watch if you feel you need more visuals with joints [is this one that is designed for artists who need to draw the human body](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0cYal_hitz4) (Link opens in new window:10 min:50sec). This video goes into just the synovial joints but has great (very clear) visuals of how those joints work. If there is one synovial joint you don’t feel 100% clear on, then just scroll through this video to find it and take a look at the animation they provide for that specific joint. ### **Activity 1: Cartilaginous and Fibrous Joints (#1-9)** In activities 1 & 2, we’re going to look at joints classified structurally (based on major connective tissue type that binds bones). 1. What immovable cartilaginous joints would be found in children, but not in adults? Classify the following as cartilaginous **OR** fibrous **. If cartilaginous, also add** the type of cartilage associated with that type of joint. 2. Gomphosis (ex: tooth socket) _______________ 3. Suture (Ex: sagittal suture)___________ 4. Synchondrosis (Ex: sternocostal)_____________ 5. Symphysis (Ex: intervertebral discs)____________ 6. Syndesmosis (Ex: tibiofibular joint)_________ 7. Give one example of a specific cartilaginous joint in the body NOT mentioned above. Fibrous and cartilaginous joint are also classified by their movements/functionality. 8. TRUE or FALSE: A joint classified as a synarthrosis is immovable 9. How would you describe a joint classified as amphiarthrosis? **Activity 2: Synovial Joints (#10-24)** Using the following diagram, label each type of synovial joint (#10-15):  10: A= 11: B= 12: C= 13: D= 14: E= 15: F= List the 6 types of synovial joints classified by movement (from above) and give a **SPECIFIC** example of each (the finger is not specific enough): | | | | — | — | | Joint | Example | | Ex: Name of joint type | Where you find this joint/its name: elbow, atlantoaxial, etc | | 16. | | | 17. | | | 18. | | | 19. | | | 20. | | | 21. | | Using the following diagram, state which type of synovial joint is represented in each picture: (#22-24)  22_A= 23_B= 24_C= ### **Activity 3: Actions at Joints** **(#25-33)** Movements and knowing the correct use of these terms is important for all areas of healthcare. Have you ever had to put a patient in a prone position? Or had to complete a physical therapy exercise regimen to recover from an injury? 25-30: For this activity, choose 3 of the following pairs of movements and take pictures of yourself demonstrating them. **Each picture must be labeled** with the movement for credit (6 labeled pictures total). 5 Flexion/ Extension Abduction/Adduction Elevation/Depression Protraction/Retraction Inversion/Eversion Supination/Pronation Using the following diagram, label the movement represented (#31-33):  31: A= 32: B= 33: C= **Activity 4: Virtual Muscle Lab** The virtual axial skeleton laboratory will teach the bones of this division and the major bone markings. [Virtual Muscle Lab](https://www.ncccval.com/) (opens new window) Click on the lab and go through all or the sections. Please see the **Module 3 Lab Study Objectives** for all of the muscles you are responsible for. You are not required to learn any muscles in the virtual lab that are not on this list. When looking at the diagrams, pay special attention to the ‘view’ that is noted (anterior/posterior etc), this will aid you in identifying the muscles. ### **Activity 5: Facial Muscles (#34-41)** Identify the Facial Muscles (A-H). Each letter will only be used once. 34. Masseter 35. Orbicularis oculi 36. Buccinator 37. Platysma 38. Zygomaticus minor 39. Temporalis 40. Orbicularis oris 41. Zygomaticus major  ### **Activity 6: Identifying Major Muscles (#42-63)** Identify the Major Muscles (A-V). Each letter will only be used once. 42. Sternocleidomastoid 43. External oblique 44. Gluteus medius 45. Brachioradialis 46. Quadriceps femoris 47. Rectus abdominis 48. Triceps brachii 49. Gastrocnemius 50. Pectoralis major 51. Infraspinatus 52. Trapezius 53. Biceps brachii 54. Latissimus dorsi 55. Soleus 56. Gluteus maximus 57. Hamstrings 58. Deltoid 59. Teres major 60. Gracilis 61. Serratus anterior 62. Sartorius 63. Tibialis anterior  ### **Activity 7: Arm and Leg Muscles (#64-79)** 64. List all the muscles that compose the quadriceps femoris (All must be listed for credit). 65. List all the muscles that compose the hamstrings (All must be listed for credit). Identify the arm muscles (A-E). Each letter will only be used once. **Hint:** Take note of where features are such as the elbow and position of the clavicle and scapula. 66. Brachioradialis 67. Triceps brachii 68. Brachialis 69. Deltoid 70. Biceps brachii  Identify the leg muscles (A-I). Each letter will only be used once. **Hint:** Take note of the position of the pelvis/femur and whether you are looking at the anterior or posterior view of the leg. 71. Rectus femoris 72. Biceps femoris 73. Tensor fascia latae 74. Semitendinosus 75. Gracilis 76. Vastus lateralis 77. Sartorius 78. Vastus medialis 79. Semimembranosus  *All images in this lab are copyright of McGraw-Hill ## image1.png ## image2.png ## image3.png ## image4.png ## image5.png ## image6.png ## image7.png **## lab6jointsandmuscles.docx** **Hands On Lab: Joints and Muscles (7 Activities)** **Submission instructions** · Type your answers and copy all pictures directly into this Word document. Submit it via the blackboard submission link in Word format (docx). **Introduction:** In this lab, we will be focusing on learning how to ID the skeletal muscles that we will learn the physiology of in the lecture portion of the class. When you are going through these activities, think about your muscles! How does your arm move? What muscles are doing the most work when going up a flight of stairs, smiling, or turning your head to one side? Also consider where they are attached. Its an engineering marvel! Where muscles attach allow for that movement. Remember, the human body has hundreds of muscles, but for this lab you are responsible for learning the ones listed on the **Module 3 Lab Study Objectives.** We also will be looking at joints and their role in movement. Joints are also known as articulations: where bones come together. We will look at 3 categories of joints (classified structurally), cartilaginous, fibrous, and synovial. We’ll then look at some movements. Again, use your own body as a tool when learning these joints. For example, look at your hand. Does the tip of your pointer finger have the same range of motion as the base of that same finger? Now bend your arm at the elbow. Pay attention to the ways that you can move your arm specifically at that elbow joint. **Watch These:** This [Crash Course video on joints](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DLxYDoN634c&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtOAKed_MxxWBNaPno5h3Zs8&index=21) (opens in new window: 9min:22sec) goes into a good bit of detail and will supplement lab and lecture material for joints. Another video to watch if you feel you need more visuals with joints [is this one that is designed for artists who need to draw the human body](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0cYal_hitz4) (Link opens in new window:10 min:50sec). This video goes into just the synovial joints but has great (very clear) visuals of how those joints work. If there is one synovial joint you don’t feel 100% clear on, then just scroll through this video to find it and take a look at the animation they provide for that specific joint. ### **Activity 1: Cartilaginous and Fibrous Joints (#1-9)** In activities 1 & 2, we’re going to look at joints classified structurally (based on major connective tissue type that binds bones). 1. What immovable cartilaginous joints would be found in children, but not in adults? Classify the following as cartilaginous **OR** fibrous **. If cartilaginous, also add** the type of cartilage associated with that type of joint. 2. Gomphosis (ex: tooth socket) _______________ 3. Suture (Ex: sagittal suture)___________ 4. Synchondrosis (Ex: sternocostal)_____________ 5. Symphysis (Ex: intervertebral discs)____________ 6. Syndesmosis (Ex: tibiofibular joint)_________ 7. Give one example of a specific cartilaginous joint in the body NOT mentioned above. Fibrous and cartilaginous joint are also classified by their movements/functionality. 8. TRUE or FALSE: A joint classified as a synarthrosis is immovable 9. How would you describe a joint classified as amphiarthrosis? **Activity 2: Synovial Joints (#10-24)** Using the following diagram, label each type of synovial joint (#10-15):  10: A= 11: B= 12: C= 13: D= 14: E= 15: F= List the 6 types of synovial joints classified by movement (from above) and give a **SPECIFIC** example of each (the finger is not specific enough): | | | | — | — | | Joint | Example | | Ex: Name of joint type | Where you find this joint/its name: elbow, atlantoaxial, etc | | 16. | | | 17. | | | 18. | | | 19. | | | 20. | | | 21. | | Using the following diagram, state which type of synovial joint is represented in each picture: (#22-24)  22_A= 23_B= 24_C= ### **Activity 3: Actions at Joints** **(#25-33)** Movements and knowing the correct use of these terms is important for all areas of healthcare. Have you ever had to put a patient in a prone position? Or had to complete a physical therapy exercise regimen to recover from an injury? 25-30: For this activity, choose 3 of the following pairs of movements and take pictures of yourself demonstrating them. **Each picture must be labeled** with the movement for credit (6 labeled pictures total). 5 Flexion/ Extension Abduction/Adduction Elevation/Depression Protraction/Retraction Inversion/Eversion Supination/Pronation Using the following diagram, label the movement represented (#31-33):  31: A= 32: B= 33: C= **Activity 4: Virtual Muscle Lab** The virtual axial skeleton laboratory will teach the bones of this division and the major bone markings. [Virtual Muscle Lab](https://www.ncccval.com/) (opens new window) Click on the lab and go through all or the sections. Please see the **Module 3 Lab Study Objectives** for all of the muscles you are responsible for. You are not required to learn any muscles in the virtual lab that are not on this list. When looking at the diagrams, pay special attention to the ‘view’ that is noted (anterior/posterior etc), this will aid you in identifying the muscles. ### **Activity 5: Facial Muscles (#34-41)** Identify the Facial Muscles (A-H). Each letter will only be used once. 34. Masseter 35. Orbicularis oculi 36. Buccinator 37. Platysma 38. Zygomaticus minor 39. Temporalis 40. Orbicularis oris 41. Zygomaticus major  ### **Activity 6: Identifying Major Muscles (#42-63)** Identify the Major Muscles (A-V). Each letter will only be used once. 42. Sternocleidomastoid 43. External oblique 44. Gluteus medius 45. Brachioradialis 46. Quadriceps femoris 47. Rectus abdominis 48. Triceps brachii 49. Gastrocnemius 50. Pectoralis major 51. Infraspinatus 52. Trapezius 53. Biceps brachii 54. Latissimus dorsi 55. Soleus 56. Gluteus maximus 57. Hamstrings 58. Deltoid 59. Teres major 60. Gracilis 61. Serratus anterior 62. Sartorius 63. Tibialis anterior  ### **Activity 7: Arm and Leg Muscles (#64-79)** 64. List all the muscles that compose the quadriceps femoris (All must be listed for credit). 65. List all the muscles that compose the hamstrings (All must be listed for credit). Identify the arm muscles (A-E). Each letter will only be used once. **Hint:** Take note of where features are such as the elbow and position of the clavicle and scapula. 66. Brachioradialis 67. Triceps brachii 68. Brachialis 69. Deltoid 70. Biceps brachii  Identify the leg muscles (A-I). Each letter will only be used once. **Hint:** Take note of the position of the pelvis/femur and whether you are looking at the anterior or posterior view of the leg. 71. Rectus femoris 72. Biceps femoris 73. Tensor fascia latae 74. Semitendinosus 75. Gracilis 76. Vastus lateralis 77. Sartorius 78. Vastus medialis 79. Semimembranosus  *All images in this lab are copyright of McGraw-Hill ## image1.png ## image2.png ## image3.png ## image4.png ## image5.png ## image6.png ## image7.png